Archive for August, 2007

Starting the Farm: Equipment

Farming requires equipment I certainly don’t have while gardening in my apartment. This is by no means a comprehensive list, but a common-sense compilation of tools I think I’ll need and actually use.

The first things listed here are from Johnny’s Selected Seeds at www.johnnyseeds.com:

Bed Prep Rake – $63

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Row Marker Attachments – $5

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Digging Fork – $63

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Digging Spade – $63

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Glaser Wheel Hoe – $353

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Glaser Goose Foot Attachment – $53

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Glaser Hiller Attachment – $63

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Hatfield Transplanter – $80

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Earthway Seeder – $103

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Smart Cart – $284

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I’m also looking at a small greenhouse, an irrigation system, seed-starting supplies, and harvesting tools. There’s a lot that goes into this, so I’m really going to shop around (hopefully I can get a lot of this stuff second-hand) to get the best deals on this essential stuff.

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Starting the Farm: The Vision

I graduated college this year, so from one milestone I jump to another– getting the farm going. I’m putting myself on a two-year plan. The first year (starting now through next August) will be the planning year. I’ll be paying off debt, getting a handle on my student loan repayment, saving money, making plans and lists, and searching for a farm site. I’m also going to continue my book education of reading everything related to farming that I can get my hands on. Knowledge is power, as the saying goes. :-) The second year will be the trial and error year. I’ll still have an off-farm job, and will be starting growing and marketing on a small scale. It will give me a chance to learn first-hand how to do things; what will work and what won’t.

I already have a pretty clear vision of what I want to do. I want to grow all heirloom varieties, organically and with mostly hand tools. I want to grow mostly vegetables and some flowers. I’ll start small (likely only a half acre the first trial year) and grow from there, keeping the entire operation at it’s largest to under 5 acres. At some point, I’d like to add beehives, chickens, turkeys, and maybe a goat or two to the farm. I’d like to have an on-site farm stand as well as a community center– a place where people can have functions (I’d love to see Slow Food convivia or school groups use my farm as a meeting place) and also take workshops and classes on things like starting a garden, canning produce, making beeswax candles and such. I’d like to sell at farmer’s markets and do CSA business. There is going to be a lot to learn and a lot to do, but I’m excited. I’m young, I’ve got my two hands and a good head on my shoulders, and most importantly, I’m passionate about it. The only way to get what you want is to go out and get it. So that’s what I’m going to do.

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DIY Chai Mix

One of my favorite drinks is chai– a deliciously spiced tea and milk drink. I used to spend big bucks at chain coffee places to get it, but I now I make it at home, saving money and easing my conscience (by not patronizing big business when I don’t have to). It’s easy to make at home, so why not give it a try?

64 ounces of soymilk (that’s 2 boxes)

12 black tea bags

6 cinnamon sticks

2 tablespoons whole cloves

2 tablespoons cardamom

2 whole nutmegs, cracked (put in a bag and whack it gently with a hammer)

1 tablespoon pepper berries (don’t grind the pepper)

Put everthing into a pot on the stove, and simmer for an hour. Never let it come to a boil– soymilk burns and “curdles” easily, so you want it simmering gently– just a few bubbles rising to the surface every now and again. This smells great while it’s steeping, so put it to boil on a Saturday or Sunday afternoon. Once it’s simmered long enough (taste it every now and again at the end to determine if the flavor is too your liking, and adjust the spices and tea as neccesary), let it cool to room temperature. Use a slotted spoon to remove and discard all of the whole spices and and tea bags. If there are still little bits and pieces remaining, you can strain it through a strainer lined with cheesecloth. Then you can pour it back into the soymilk containers using a funnel or pour it into closed pitchers. You can drink the chai as-is, add sugar or honey (I prefer honey) or add another teabag for stronger tea flavor when you heat it up to drink it. If you drink 1-2 cups of chai every day (like I typically do) it will last you a week in the fridge. I like to take some to work and put in the breakroom refrigerator so I always have it handy and don’t get the temptation to run out to the coffee shop. Plus, home made tastes better and it’s better for you!

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The Starter Pantry

Whether you’re moving into your first apartment, or starting over across the country, knowing what to buy is essential so you don’t waste time and dollars. Here are my recommendations for what every kitchen should be outfitted with.

Baking

Flour

White Sugar

Light Brown Sugar

Baking Powder

Baking Soda

Vanilla Extract

Ground Cinnamon

Ground Cloves

Ground Nutmeg

Ground Allspice

Ground Ginger

Honey

Chocolate Chips

Cooking

Salt

Whole Pepper for Grinder

Thyme

Oregano

Rosemary

White Vinegar

Apple Cider Vinegar

Balsamic Vinegar

Oil (I suggest Soy, but you can also get Canola or Vegetable)

Olive Oil

Non-Hydrogenated Vegetable Shortening

Tomato Paste Tube

Jar of Sundried Tomatoes

Jar of Green Olives

Jar of Roasted Red Peppers

Maple Syrup

Tea

Coffee

Dill Pickles

Dijon Mustard

Dried Beans (I suggest Navy Beans and Kidney Beans)

Dried Pasta (I suggest spaghetti, rotini, and mostaccoli)

The above items will get you started in your new home. As you get settled (and learn to cook, if that’s the case) you’ll add items you find you need or want. But with everything listed here, you can do basic baking, and cooking when you add fresh vegetables and meat/fish into the mix. Happy Cooking!

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August Library Additions

LL Bean Game & Fish Cookbook

Lonely Planet Road Trip: New England

French Dirt: The Story of a Garden in the South of France by Richard Goodman

Practical Beekeeping by Enoch H. Tompkins

The Homesteader’s Handbook by Martin Lawrence

Family Farming by Marty Strange

Country Living Handmade Candles

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There’s a Chill in the Air… Autumn Homestead Decor

The mornings are chilly. The vibrant greens of summer have begun to fade into warm yellows. Blazes of orange, burgundy and brown are not far off. With the change of the seasons approaching, and autumn being my favorite time of year, I thought I would share some basic ways you can decorate your home for the season.

– Tin Pails: You can simply fill them up with mums or sunflowers for a simple floral arrangement, or top them off with some apples or pears. Fill the pail with crumpled newspaper, and arrange half a dozen or so of your fruit on top; looks full and inviting without having to have a bunch of fruit at the bottom. You can also turn your pails into punched lanterns. Simply fill them with water and freeze. When the water has frozen completely, rest the pail on it’s side in your lap, resting on a bath towel so it’s easier to hold. Then use an awl or nail with a hammer to punch out your design (which you can mark with a sharpie before freezing if you like). When you’re done punching the design, defrost the ice and illuminate your lantern with a tea light.

– Silhouette Cut-Outs: Black silhouettes can be charming and spooky. You can make them out of black paper, or you can make sturdier, reusable ones from 1/4 inch plywood and black paint (trace your outline onto the plywood, then use a jigsaw to cut out). Interesting images you can do are black cats, rats, crows, owls or bats. They look great perched on top of windows or doors, or “crawling” along the baseboards or stair treads.

- Miniature Pumpkin Lanterns: This is a great way to recycle glass baby food jars. All you need is six jars, translucent orange pain, black paint, heavy-gauge copper wire, 6 eyelet screws, and 6 tealights. First, wash and dry the jars, being sure to remove all traces of the labels. Squirt about a tablespoon of the orange paint into each jar, and swirl it around to coat the inside completely. Pour any excess paint out, and wipe off the rim for a neat edge. Let the paint dry completely. Next, use the black paint to make a jack-o-lantern face on the outside of each jar. Let the paint dry completely. To make jars that hang, loop the copper wire around the outside rim of the jar, twisting it on opposite sides to form small loops for hanging. Cut another length of wire and form it into a bail handle, attaching it the loops on either side of the jar. To hang, install the eyelet screws. If you have deep windowsills, you can easily screw them into the upper sill. Use another length of copper wire to attach the lantern to the eyelet screws. I think it’s pretty if you vary the length of the wire so that the lanterns hang at different heights. Fit each lantern with a tealight, and voila! They would also look quite charming lined up along a mantel or sideboard.

– Miniature Scarecrows: Living in an apartment, I don’t have a spot to put a full-size scarecrow outside. But I still think it’s fun to make them, and this one is reusable. All you need is a pair of toddler jeans, a toddler plaid shirt, some straw (you can buy small bags of it at craft stores or farmer’s markets this time of year), a 3-foot 1-inch diameter wooden dowel, a 2-foot 1-inch diameter wooden dowel, 10 small safety pins, newspaper and some twine. Using some of the twine, attach the shorter dowel to the longer one, forming a cross shape. Bind until secure. To make the scarecrow, pin the shirt to the pants, then stuff with crumpled newspaper. Stuff the straw into the arm and leg holes, and tie in place with lengths of twine. To attach the scarecrow to the dowels, use more twine to tie the arms to the horizontal dowel, and tie the waist the the vertical dowel. Then you can stick your dowel into a potted plant or miniature hay bale so it stands up on it’s own. You can leave it as-is, or you can make a jack-o-lantern head out of small funkin (reuseable pumpkin), or top with a small straw hat (also to be found at craft stores). This project is great for using outgrown kid’s clothes, and if you don’t know any little ones, you can pick them up for cheap at thrift shops.

– Falling Leaves: Nothing says fall more than brightly-colored fall leaves. All you need are a few dozen colored leaves, fishing line, and tacks. Tie each leaf securely to a length of fishing line, then use the tacks to secure in place. You can hang them in your windows, from your bookcases, from hanging light fixtures, or along the wall. Use varying lenths of line so the leaves hang at different heights.

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Small Batch Preserving Made Easy

Learning how to preserve summer’s bounty doesn’t have to be an impossible task. I’ve long been an advocate of small batch preserving. But most of the equipment out there is geared to giant batches. What if you only want to do a couple of jars of salsa or jam? Fortunately, there’s a pint-sized set out there that makes it easy. I came across the Mini Stainless Steel Canning set at www.kitchenkrafts.com and I’m excited about it.

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The set includes an 8-quart stainless steel pot with vented lid and a canning rack that will fit inside. It costs just $45. It will hold two quart jars or four pint jars at a time– perfect for small quantities. Couple it with the 5-piece canning tool set for $15 and you’ll be ready to go!

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Photocopy Your Herbs!

Okay, not exactly. But you don’t have to go out and purchase herbs at the nursery every time you want or need a new plant. You can do it right at home with a propagation method called layering. It’s quite simple. Take a long, low-growing branch from you plant (leave it attached), strip the leaves from the middle of the branch, and bury the stipped section under the soil. You should have several inches of the tip of the branch growing above the soil. You’ll likely find it helpful to anchor the midsection so it stays buried– I find paperclips to be useful for this. Unbend your paperclip so it forms and “s” shape, then using scissors, snip it in half. Now you have two “u” shaped anchors. Just push it into the soil over the branch you’re trying to layer, then cover with soil. In a few months time, your baby plant should be rooted well enough to remove from the mother plant and transfer to it’s own pot. It’s that simple! Layering is a great way to create new plants to expand your garden and to have on hand to give as gifts (herbs are always great for housewarming presents!). For additional infomation on herbs, notably other methods of propagation, check out the Herb Society of America’s The Beginner’s Herb Garden Guide at http://www.herbsociety.org/beginherb/index.php.

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Sometimes You Win, Sometimes You Lose…

It’s been awhile since I did a farm update, mostly because I have had a series of disappointments this season. None of the tomatoes have produced, and we finally had to pull up two of them and cut our losses. Go figure the ones to fare the worst were in the Earthbox with the nitrogen fertilizer. They grew and grew and grew, but never decided to flower. Then one of them got injured while being moved, and then it just went downhill from there. So they were put out of their  misery. The other two are still snug in the pots in the bedroom window, but any flowers they had have mysteriously disappeared, with no fruit to take their place. Now their leaves are starting to yellow, so I think they are starting to die. There were no obvious signs of disease or pests on any of them, so I’m hard pressed to find out what was wrong. I think it was the weather. We have yo-yo’d between cool, damp weather and obscenely hot and humid, and of course, during the obscenely hot and humid weather we had the air conditioner on full-blast. So to the tomatoes, it was a cold, dreary season all around. I guess I wouldn’t be motivated to fruit in those conditions either! And we lost the gorgeous lemon thyme. During the nitrogen tomatoes taking over the apartment, it got buried under all the greenery. By the time a week had passed and I realized I hadn’t seen it in awhile, the damage had been done. The poor little guy just didn’t recover. But we still have the creeping thyme, and that’s about all we’re going to end up with this season. I’m a bit discouraged, but this is how it works out sometimes. I’ve learned some good lessons. Don’t let plants crowd each other, because they can get lost and not recieve the air, water and light they need. Don’t overdo it with the nitrogen. Tomatoes need heat to do anything– they don’t like sitting in front of an air conditioner all summer. And don’t get discouraged, despite all of the setbacks. Better to learn these things on a small scale anyway! And you want to know the great thing about farming? There’s always next season!

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Mmm… Watermelon

Nothing says summer quite like watermelon. We tried out a sample earlier this week at our local market (True Nature Foods) and were hooked. Not postive on the variety, but it was an icebook type with a solid dark green rind, bright red flesh and black seeds. It was grown on an Amish farm in Wisconsin. And it tasted amazing– vibrant, juicy, pure watermelon flavor. So good. I cut half of it into slices for eating this weekend, and the other half I did up in melon balls. I don’t own a melon baller (I abhor kitchen gadgets with only one function– what a waste!), so I had to think about what in my kitchen would create the same shape. Turns out my metal tablespoon-sized measuring spoon was perfect. I was a bit careless, so I ended up with mostly half-moons, but with a quick twist of the wrist, I was able to make perfect spheres using it. I ended up with a whole mixing bowl full, so we have plenty to snack on, and I took a container of them to work for breakfast this morning. And in the interest of not letting anything go to waste, I have saved the watermelon rind in the refrigerator. I’m going to try my hand and watermelon rind pickles this weekend. I’ve never made or even tasted them before, so it will be an Apartment Farm experience. Here’s a charming photo of our beloved watermelon that my husband took during carving:

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